Cradles of religions, places of pilgrimage, and holy cities are filled with unique charm. These places are considered holy due to their geographical significance and the events that are believed to have occurred there by the faithful. A holy city is not just a place of worship and pilgrimage, but also a cultural destination rich in history and memory.
Jerusalem – Israel
Jerusalem is often called the “thrice holy” city because it is sacred to Jews, Christians, and Muslims. For Jews, it was King David’s capital and the site of Solomon’s Temple, the Second Temple, and the first Jewish state under the Hasmoneans. For Christians, Jerusalem is where significant events including the Last Supper, Crucifixion, and Resurrection of Jesus occurred. Muslims venerate it as the place where the Prophet Muhammad prayed towards before Mecca and where he is believed to have ascended to heaven from the Dome of the Rock. The city hosts three main religious sites: the Western Wall, where Jews mourn the loss of the Second Temple; the Dome of the Rock, also significant to Jews and Muslims alike; and the Basilica of the Holy Sepulchre, important to Christians as the site of Jesus’s Passion.
Don’t miss the famous Israel Museum, home to the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Book of Isaiah. Jerusalem is known to cause “Stendhal’s syndrome” in some visitors, a condition of dizziness and confusion brought on by overwhelming experiences.
Bethlehem – Palestine
Bethlehem is located in the West Bank, in the heart of the Judean desert. It is believed by Catholics to be the birthplace of Jesus, according to two Gospels. This city also holds Rachel’s Tomb, sacred to Jews and Catholics alike. After the Jewish exile following the Babylonian conquest, Rachel is said to have appeared, promising their return.
The Church of the Nativity, constructed by Constantine, and the Milk Grotto, where Mary is believed to have nursed Jesus during their flight to Egypt, are also located in Bethlehem. These sites are believed to have fertility-enhancing properties for women. Visitors should also see St. Catherine’s Church, where St. Jerome translated the Bible into Latin. Bethlehem’s streets are beautifully lit during Christmas, adding to the city’s festive vibe. Be prepared for a checkpoint when traveling from Jerusalem, highlighting the ongoing tensions in the area.
Rome – Vatican
Rome, especially the Vatican City, is the heart of Catholicism. This small state functions like a country, with its own currency, stamps, and even a radio station. St. Peter’s Square, designed by Bernini, is a grand welcome for visitors. The Pope’s “Urbi et Orbi” blessing from St. Peter’s Basilica’s balcony is a highlight during Easter and Christmas.
St. Peter’s Basilica is the world’s largest church, featuring awe-inspiring marble works, Michelangelo’s Pietà, and the Popes’ tombs. For those who don’t mind heights, the dome offers spectacular views. Don’t miss the Vatican Museums, renowned for religious treasures like the Sistine Chapel, Raphael Rooms, and its extensive art collections, including Italian paintings and ancient artifacts.